trapp



Patented Dec. 6. I898.

E. A. TRAPP.

TRANSPORTATION CAR.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1897.)

A TTOH/VE) 6 Sheets-Sheet L 01: moms PETERS co. PHOTO-LITHO.. wAsmNG'mn,D c.

(No Model.)

No. 6l5,373. Patented Dec. 6, I898. E. A. TRAPP.

TRANSPORTATION CAR. (Apzplication filed Sept. 28, 1997. (No Model.) 6Sheets-Sheet 2.

iNVENTO q dm fdj BY n """TTORNEY Th2 Moms PETERS-CO. PHOTO-LITHQ.WASHINGTON, 0.1:.

No. 6|5,373. Patented Dec. 6, I898.

E. A. TRAPP.

TRANSPORTATION CAR.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

lNVENT R ATTOR N EY THE wnmus PETERS co, PHoTo-umai, WASHINGTON. I:v cv

No. 6I5,373. Patented Dec. 6, I898.

E. A. THAPP. TRANSPORTATION CAR.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1897.)

8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No-Model.)

n TTTOR/VEY //VVENTOH 2 CL Jnaffb, BY

WITNESSES ms uunms PETERS co, Pup'mutnQ. VIASNINGTOPL o. c

No. 6l5,373.

Patented Dec. 6, I898.

E. A. TBAPP. TRANSPORTATION CAR.

(Application filed sept. 28, 1897.),

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

rm: NORRIS PETERS co, PHOTO-LITHO.. wnsmns'ron, n, c.

Patented Dec; 6, I898.

E.'A. TBAPP. TRANSPORTATION CAR.

{Application filed Sept. 28, 1897.) (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

INVENTOH v d6 AIME/v5).

m: oam: warms co., PHOTO-HTML. WASM W/ TN E SSE S UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

EDlVARD A. TRAPP, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

TRANSPORTATION-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 615,373, dated December6, 1898. pplicati n filed September 28,1897. Serial No. 53,313. (Nomodel.)

To (all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. TRAPP, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York in the county of New York and State of NewYork,have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTransportation-Cars; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear,and exact description of the'invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains' to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters andnumerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in transportation-cars, andparticularly to improvements in the class of cars employed for thetransportation of coal, ore, and other materials.

The object of the invention is to produce a car of great carryingcapacity and one capable of withstanding more than the weight of anyload that may be placed within the same.

The car constructed in accordance with the present invention is whollyor largely of steel, and the parts of the car have been speciallydesigned and constructed with theview of sustaining great weight and ofavoiding all danger of the car collapsing'or breaking down under theweight carried or by the constant hammering or jarring to which cars aresubjected when in service.

In illustrating my invention I present in the drawings forming a part ofthis application a car having its fioor in two main downwardly andinwardly inclined sections leading to discharge-doors and in which carthe weight of the load is sustained by suitable trusses. By means of myinvention the carbody may be constructed wholly of steel and safely madeto carry any load that the axles could possibly sustain. The carillustrated is of great capacity and easily capable of sustainingseveral times the weight of any load that could be placed within thesame.

The nature and objects of the invention and the purposes of the variousparts of the structure will be pointed out in full hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a top view of a portion of a car constructed in accordancewith and embodying the invention, this figure being partlyin section onthe dotted'line 1 1 of Fig. 2 and broken away at its ends. Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section, partly broken away, through a carconstructed in accordance with and embodying the invention, the sectionbeing on the dotted line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a detached top view ofone of the dischargedoors and a part of the lever mechanism foroperating the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the car on thedotted line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central transverse verticaldetached section through the upper part of the main truss. Fig. 4 is aside elevation of a complete car embodying the invention. Fig. 5 is anenlarged detached longitudinal section through a portion of one side ofthe car and illustrating the Wood lining for the same. Fig. 6 is adetached elevation of a portion of the car and showing more particularlythe side bearing employed intermediate the bottom of the car and thetransom of the truck. Fig. 7 is a vertical section ofsame on the dottedline 7 7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a detached plan view of one of the sheetsof steel used to form the innervertical side of the pockets at thedischarge portion of the carbody. Fig. 8-' is a like view, partly brokenaway, of a portion of some of the plates forming the outer side of thecar-body. Fig. 9 is a horizontal longitudinal section through a portionof the car on the dotted line 9 9 of Fig. 4:. Fig. 10 is a sideelevation, partly in section, of a modified form of car embracing someof-the features of the invention; and

. Figs. 11 and 12 together constitute a vertical transverse section ofsame on the dotted line 11 11 of Fig. 10.

In the drawings, A designates the car-body as an entirety, and B B theusual car-trucks supporting said body, said trucks being of any suitablegeneral construction.

Referring to the car shown in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, the sides of thecar-body A correspond with one another, and said sides comprise at theirupper edge the channe1-beams D D, at their lower edge the channel-beamsE E, the exterior vertical channel-beams F, the interior longitudinalchannel-beams G, and the series of vertical metal plate-sections H, asmore clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The upper channel-beams D Dface with their webs toward one another, as illustrated in Fig. 3, andthe upper edges of the sheetsteel sections H are riveted between them,and the lower channel-beams E E face with their webs toward one another,as illustrated in Fig. 3, and have seen red between them the lowerportions of the sheet-steel sections H. The vertical channel-beams Fextend between the upper andlower beams (lettered D E, re-

spectively) and cover the joints between the sheet-steel sections H, thelatter at their vertical edges being riveted to the webs of saidvertical channel-beams F. The longitudinal beams G are at the inner sideof each side of the carbody, and they are riveted through their webportion to the sheet-steel sections H and extend, as indicated in Fig.4, from the inclined floor at one end of the car to the inclined floorat the other end of the car, said floors, as indicated, convergingdownward toward the center of the car and being described hereinafter.

At the inner side of each side of the carbody is provided, bypreference, the lining I, of wood, this lining being composed ofplanking extending lengthwise of the car and between the innerlongitudinal channel-beams G and beams D E, as illustrated in Figs. 2,3,5, and 9. The planks composing the wood lining I protect the inner facesof the sheet-steel sections H and receive support from the innerlongitudinal channel-beams G, and they are also secured by means ofoccasional bolts J, (indicated in Fig.2,) which pass through theplanking and steel sections H. The opposite sides of the car areconnected and strengthened by transverse rods K, which extend across thecar-body and through the beams F G and plates H and are provided withthe usual heads and nuts at their ends, whereby they are retained inposition, as indicated in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5. The sheet-steel sectionsH extend vertically from the upper edge of the car-body to the loweredge of the same, the two end sections H at each end of the side of thecar-body extending from the upper edge of the channel-beams D to thelower edge of the channel-beams E, while the two sections H at each sideof the middle section H extend downward below the lower edge of thechannel-beams E and have the inclined lower edges outlined in Figs. 3,4, and 8. The middle section H extends from the upper edge of the beamsD only to the lower edge of the beams E, and thus between the lowerfacing edges of those portions of the two sections H immediatelyadjoining the opposite sides of the said middle section H is left aspace within which the discharge-doors L L may be operated by suitablelever mechanism, which will be hereinafter referred to.

The frame ends of the car-body are composed of vertical beams M M M Mand transverse ohannel-beams N O, the latter being at the upper andlower edges, respectively, of the ends of the car-body, and the saidvertical beams being at and intermediate the opposite vertical edges ofsaid ends.

The car-body in its preferred form has its floor made in two downwardlyand inwardly converging floor-sections,(letteredPQ,) which extenddownward from a point adjacent to the upper edge of the ends of thecar-body and terminate at their lower ends at the doors L L, saidfloor-sections P Q being thus inclined to permit of an automaticdischarge of the coal, ore, or other material being carried from thecar. The floor-sections P Q correspond with one another, and they aresecured in place between the sides of the car-body upon the angle-ironsR, which are riveted, as shown in Fig. 4, to the sides of the car-bodyand have upon their transverse flanges the sheet-steel plates S, uponwhich is placed the wood planking T, covered by metal plates V, theplates V and planking T being preferably secured together and requiringno special means securing-the same to the steel plates S, which aresecured to the transverse flanges of the angle-irons R. The angle ironsR where they meet the inner channel-beams E will be made in sections, soas not to interfere with or necessitate the cutting of said beams E. Inother words, the angle-irons R will extend down to the upper flange ofthe beams E and below the lower flange of saidbeams E, and between thetwo flanges of said beams E will be riveted a short section of theangleirons, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and in this manner theangle-irons R are conveniently made to pass said beams E. Upon the lowerside of the fioor-sections P Q and extending lengthwise of the same arethe channel-beams W, whose web-surfaces are directly riveted to thesteel plates S, forming a part of the floor-sections P Q, and the saidfloor-sections P Q are further secured in position by means of the bentchannel-iron loops or hangers X and bent channel-iron supports Y, theloops or hangers X forming, substantially, stirrups which pass aroundthe said floor-sections P Q and have their end portions riveted toportions of the steel sections H which project below the lowerchannel-beams E. The bent channel-iron supports Y Y are at the outerportions of the floorsections P Q, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and theyextend upward in the form of inverted stirrups against thefloor-sections P Q, their depending ends being secured to the end steelsections H.

Intermediate the lower channel-beams or chords E and in line therewithare secured at opposite sides of the longitudinal central line of thecar the channel-beams a a,whose flanges turn outward from one anotherand which by extending the full length of the car-body pass through thefloor-sections P Q, and within the carrbody, intermediate the pointswhere they pass through the floor-sections P Q, said channel-beams a aare provided upon their upper su rfaces with the inclined roof b,whichprevents the coal or ore from passing between or lodging upon saidchannel-beams a a. The

inclined roof I) is of sheet metal, riveted at its edges to the upperflanges of the channe1- beams a a, and its outline is clearlyillustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 9. The central portions of thechannel-beams a a are directly supported upon the parallel rolled beamsd d,'extending transverselyacross the car-body directly below the saidchannel-beams a a and also directly below the lower channelbeams orchords E E,-as shown in-Figs. 2 and 3. The parallel transverse rolledbeams 01 (1 receive their main support from the truss e and truss-rodsf, the latter extending downward from the upper end of said truss e andpassing between the beams d and through bearing-blocks 9 below saidbeams d. The lower ends of the. truss-rods f are provided with suitablenuts, as shown in Fig. 3, which are capable of being tightened againstthe transverse bearing-block g. The rods f extend downward one upon eachside of the truss e and incline outward toward the end portions of thebeams d. The truss e is formed of the two downwardlydiverging parts orsections which terminate over the center bearings of the truck-frames,and said sections of said truss pass directly between and are riveted tothe longitudinal channelbeams a a, Fig. 2, above referred to, whichbeams a a are only separated a sufficient distance to permit the passagebetween them ofthe sections of the truss e, and said truss 6 has each ofits sections formed of two corresponding channel-beams h h, whoseflanges turn toward one another and have secured to them the exteriorplates 2' i, which in width correspond with the combined width of theupper and lower edges of the channel-beams h h. The upper ends of thesections of the truss e meet, as shown in Fig. 2, and the sides of saidsections at their meeting-point are secured together by side plates jand an additional top plate 70, Fig. 2, whereby said joint is renderedentirely secure and durable. The upper ends of the truss-rods f aresecured upcn the bolt m, which passes through the plates j. Thechannel-beams 7t it will preferably be connected by bolts 17., as shownin Fig. 2, which bolts will preferably have upon them the usual sleeves,as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, which operate to space the beamsh 7?. and prevent their being crowded unduly toward one another. Thesections of the truss e in addition to being secured at their lower endsbetween the beams a a may be further secured by means of suitable bracesg, which extend upward from the upper surfaces of the beams a a to thelower surfaces of said truss-sections, as indicated by dotted lines inFig. 4 and by full lines in Fig. 2.

The. longitudinal beams a a and the longitudinal beams or chords E E aresupported at their center, as above described, upon the parallel beamsdd, extending transversely at the center of the car-body, and said beamsto a and E E are further supported upon the transverse channel-beams ss, which are suitably spaced and are directly overthe center bearings ofthe car-trucks B B. The channel-beams s s constitute suitable bolstersand are centrally over the car-trucks, and said beams s s, as moreclearly illustrated in Figs.

6 and 7, carry the rub-irons t, which have a lower inclined edgecontacting directly with the periphery of the tapered roller '10, one ofthe latter being provided at each side of each truck and havingitstapered surfaces converging to a central point of the truck. Thetapered rollers it: constitute side bearings and are mounted in suitablejournals as, supported from the truck-"frame. Upon the outer face ofeach tapered roller w is provided the ratchet-wheel y, adapted to beengaged by the pawl A, pivotally secured to the plate 6 or to anysuitable part of the bolster-beams s. The purpose of the pawl A andratchet (1 is to effect the rotation of the rollers w in order thatduring the use of the car fresh surfaces of the rollers may beconstantly brought upward for contact with the plates 25. lVhen the caris upon a straight track, there will be little or no revoluble motionimparted to the roller side bearings it); but during the usual motionsimparted to the car-body when the trucks are passing curvatures in thetracks the pawl A will be acted upon to move the ratchet y and throughsaid ratchets the roller side bearings 10, whereby fresh surfaces of thelatter will be brought upward for contact with the plates t and thelatter will be prevented from wearing flat surfaces upon said rollers w.The bolster-beams s 8 may be modified as to their form and constructionat will.

The extreme ends of the longitudinal beams a a and outer beams E E areconnected together within a frame at each end of the carbody, asillustrated more clearly in Fig. 9. At the extreme ends of the beams a aand E E are the transverse channel-beams 0, forming the lower boundaryof the ends of the car, and within each of the channel-beams O is setthe wooden beam B, to which the buffers are secured and which by theplate C is connected with the channel-beams a, a. The end channel-beam Ois connected with the side beams E E by means of suitable plates D andalso by means of the angle-irons E, and said beam 0 is connected withthe plate C by means of angle-irons a. The outer or adjoining ends ofthe angle -irons E and a are secured to connecting-plates 20 20, asshown in Fig. 9, which plates are secured to the beams O and B by boltsor rivets. The inner channel-beams E terminate at the inner ends of theangle-irons E.

The longitudinal channel-beams (t a between the inclined floors P Q havesecured to them by riveting the vertical plates F, of the form moreclearly indicated in Fig. 8, and which extend downward from saidlongitudinal beams Ct at and are secured to the inclined floors P Q ateach side of the pair of channel-v IIO 1o gitudinal center of the car.

5 beams to a, said pockets being at opposite sides of the space providedfor the mechanism operating the discharge-doors L L,which are duplicatedateach side of the transverse center of the carand at each side of thelon- The plates F, constituting the inner walls of the aforesaidpockets, correspond along their lower edges with the inclination of thefloor-sections P Q, and at their inner upwardly-converging edges 1 5extend upward to and fit around the transverse beams 61 d, asillustrated in Fig. 2. The space above and between the doors L L isclosed within the car-body by means of the plates G G, as illustrated inFig. 2, which diverge downward and outward from one another and towardthe hinges of the doors L. The invention is not limited to the method ofsupporting the plates G but these plates may be supported upon pieces ofangle-iron,

as shown in Fig. 2, and these pieces of angleiron are riveted to theinner beams E and the outer sides of the beams a. The doors L L are ofordinary form and construction, being hinged at their upper edges andadapted to 0 be'drawn inward toward one another for the purpose ofpermitting the discharge of the contents of the car down the inclinedfloors P Q. The means for operating the doorsLL may be of any suitablecharacter, and the 5 present invention is not limited to any'specialmeans for operating these doors. The doors L L are, as above described,hinged at their upper horizontal edges, and in accordance with themechanism illustrated in the 40 drawings said doors have pivotallysecured adjacent to their lower portions the links H, which are securedto the lower ends of the pivoted levers 1, extending downward from thelongitudinal shaft J, and which 5 shaft is adapted to be operated by.hand by means of the handle-lever K. Upon the shaft J at each side ofthe car-body are socured the ratchet-wheel L and rocking arm M. (Shownmore clearly in Fig. 3.) A pawl N is provided at each side of the car toprevent the shaft J from rotating except at the proper time, and thedoor mechanism at one side of the car is duplicated on the other side ofthe car. Upon the depression of the handle-lever K at one side of thecar to open the doors L at that side the motion will be communicated,through the arm M and rod 0, to the shaft J at the opposite side of thecar to open the doors L at said opposite side.

When the pawl N at one side of the car is by hand relieved from itsratchet, the like pawl at the opposite side of the car will be likewiserelieved from its ratchet through the rod P. The door-operatingmechanism just above referred to is not claimed herein and may beomitted entirely, if desired, said rods extending from thedoor-operating mechanism at one side of the car to the duplicatedoor-operating mechanism at the other side of the car, so that themotion of one set of said mechanism will be communicated to the otherset of said mechanism and the train hand at one side of the car beenabled to open the doors at both sides of the car at one operation. Thelower ends of the lever-arms I when in their lower position are directlyin line with the ends of the hanger Q, which operates as a suitablebacking for said levers I and prevents the weight against the doors L Lfrom forcing the latter open.

The foregoing description applies to the car illustrated in Figs. 1 to9, inclusive, and is definite as to all of the parts of said car. Thecar constructed as above described is entirely durable in all of itsparts, and the car is capable of withstanding several times more weightthan could possibly be loaded into it. The sides of the car being formedof metal plate-sections H constitute girders which aid in supporting theload, and the truss 6 also aids -in supporting the load, the Weight ofthe load being taken substantially from the floorsections and sustainedby the girders, beams, and truss. The upper and lower beams or chords DE, while of great strength in themselves, are strengthened and renderedabsolutely safe by the plate-sections H connecting them and by thesupport they receive from the truss e. In Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, theupper chords D are composed of parallel channel-beams and the lowerchords E are parallel channel-beams; but the invention is not limited inevery case to the employment of the pair of beams at the upper and alsoat the lower edges of the sides of the car. It is preferable to use thebeams D E in pairs and to secure the plate-sections H between them. Theplate-sections H at each side of the middle plate-section H extenddownward below the lower chords E, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 8, andsaid plate-sections are each in one integral piece; but, if preferred,those portions of the said plate-sections at each side of the middleplate-section which are above the lower chords or beams E maybe in onepiece and the portions thereof below the chords or beams E may be aseparate piece, if preferred or found more convenient. tions of thecar-body are rendered entirely safe by trussing the same, and in the carshown in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, the truss 6 serves to take the strainfrom the middle part of the car and distribute it toward thetruckframes. The beams orlower chords E and longitudinal beams a a arerendered practically indestructible from collapse or other cause byreason of the transverse beams 61 d and truss e. The car as a whole hasbeen constructed with a view of having large carrying capacity and ofbeing capable of withstanding all of the load that could be placed intoit, the car being entirely capable of carrying all of the load that theaxles or bridges over which the car might pass could possibly with- Themiddle porstand. The car illustrated in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, iscapable of carrying several times the load that the axles could bear. Atany time it might be desired to discharge the contents of the car thedoors L L are simply opened and the contents of the car permitted toslide down the floor-sections P Q, after which the doors L L are closed.The pipes for compressed air may be carried directly through the openspace below the central longitudinal beams a a and between the verticalplates F, which extend downward from the same at each side of. thetransverse center of the car to form the inner walls of the pockets atthe lower portions of the floor-sections P Q, as indicated in Fig. 3.Belowthe upper portions of the floor-sections P Q is left abundant spaceto receive the compressed-airmachinery or other machinery or appliances,the ends of the car-frame being open, while the sides of same areclosed. As above described, the invention is not confined to any specialmeans for operating the doors L L.

In Figs. 10, 11, and 12 I illustrate a modified form of the invention,in which d e respectively denote the upper and lower chords of the frameof the car body, f vertical channel-beams connecting said upper andlower chords, and g the members of a latticetruss, also connecting saidupper and lowerchords d e and serving to distribute the load and takethe weight of same from the center of the car. In the modified form ofthe invention shown in Figs. 10 to 12, inclusive, the floor-sections PQ. are substantially the same as the floor-sections shown in Fig. 4, andsaid floor sections are provided with doors L L, as explained inconnection with the construction shown in Fig. 4. The sides ofthe carillustrated in Figs. 10 to 12, inclusive, apart from the upper and lowerchords (1 e, the beams f and said lattice-truss are formed of woodplanking h, which is used in this instance in lieu of the metal platesH. (Shown in Fig. 4.) Below the lower beams or chords e in Fig. 10 thepockets at the lower middle portions of the car are formed of metalplates 7 secured at their upper edges to the lower chords or beams e,and being substantially of the form and construction shown in Fig. 4.Extending transversely across the car and below the chords or beams eare the channel-beams j,corresponding substantially with the transversebeams d of Fig. 4, and upon said beams j, as more clearly shown in Figs.11 and 12, are the channel-beams 7e, to which the truss-sections m aresecured, and which serve to sustain said transverse beams j and relievethe strain of the load. In the car shown in Figs. 10 to 12, inclusive,many of the parts correspond exactly with the parts of the car shown inFig. 4,. and these parts are not specifically referred to. The purposeof illustrating the car shown in Figs. 10 to 12, inclusive, is toillustrate a modification of the invention or a distinct form of carthought to be within the scope of the invention which employs the woodensides 72. and makes use of a lattice-truss in lieu of the truss e.(Shown in Fig. 4) In all of these cars one object is to prevent thecollapse of the car at its center, and in Fig. 4 the truss e eltectuallyaccomplishes this result, while in the car shown in Figs. 10 to 12,inclusive, the lattice-truss and the plates 2" prevent the breaking downof the car at its center. One danger with the use of steel cars is thatthe straining of the metal will notalways be capable of being observedby the bending of the parts such as is the case with wooden cars, andhence to prevent sudden collapsing of the cars without notice is anobject accomplished by the present invention, whose purpose is theproduction of a steel or metal car which will be practicablyindestructible by any ordinary use, and which is so strengthened andsustained about its middle portions thatany collapse of the car at saidportions will be impossible.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a car, the upper and lower beams or chords, the vertical beamsintermediate said chords, the metal sides applied against said verticalbeams and extending intermediate said chords, and the inner longitudinalbeams extending lengthwise of said sides, combined with the inclinedfloor-sections extending downward toward one another at the middleportion of the car and having the dischargedoors; substantially as setforth.

2. In a car, the pair of parallel beams D constituting the upper chordof the side, the pair of parallel beams E constituting the lower chordof said side, the vertical beams F intermediate said chords, the metalplate-sections H secured to said chords, and the longitudinal beams Gextending along the inner side of thesides of the car and securedthereto, combined with a truss for relieving the middle portions of thecar from the weight of the load; substantially as set forth.

3. In a car, the upper and lower beams or chords'outlining the edges ofthe sides of the car, the vertical beams intermediate said chords, andthe sides secured to said chords and beams, combined with the parallellongitudinal beams a, at, extending lengthwise of the car intermediatethe lower chords E, E,the transverse beams extending below said lowerchords and said beams a, a, the longitudinal truss e, and the truss-rodf which extend downward from the upper end of the truss e and connectwith said transverse beams to relieve the middle portions of the carfrom the strain of the load; substantially as set forth.

4. In a car, the upper and lower edge beams or chords, the longitudinalbeams a, a, in line with said lower chords, and the transverse beams (Z,(Z, extending below said lower chords and said longitudinal beams a, a,combined with the truss connected with said transverse the lower beamsat the ends of the car; sub

beams for relieving the middle portions of the car from strain, and theinclined floorsections converging downward toward the middle portion ofthe car and having at opposite sides of the transverse center of the carthe discharge-doors; substantially as set forth.

5. In a car, the upper and lower beams or chords, the vertical beamsintermediate said chords, the metal sides applied against said verticalbeams and extending intermediate said chords, and the inner longitudinalbeams extending lengthwise of said sides, combined with the inclinedfloor-sections extending downward toward one another at the middleportion of the car and having the dischargedoors, and the wood plankingintermediate said inner longitudinal beams and lining the metal sides ofthe car; substantially as set forth.

6. In a car the upper and lower beams or chords outlining the upper andlower edges of the car-body, the vertical beams intermediate saidchords, and the sides applied to said vertical beams or chords, combinedwith the inclined floor-sections converging downward toward the middleportions of the car and composed of the metal plates and inner woodplanking, the angle-irons applied to said sides and supporting saidfloor-sections, and the discharge-doors at opposite sides of thetransverse center of the car; substantially as set forth.

7. The car, and the trucks, combined with the rub-irons t carried by thecar, the pawls A also carried by the car, the side bearingrollers 10journaled upon the trucks and engaged by said rub-irons, and theratohets "y rigid with said rollers and engaged by said pawls;substantially as set forth. 4

8. The car having the rolled beam uppe and lower chords at its oppositesides, the rolled horizontal beams connecting said upper chords andsaidlower chords at the ends of the car, and the vertical rolled beamsconnecting said upper and lower chords, combined with thedownwardly-converging floors supported between the sides of the car, thedischargedoors at the lower ends of said floors, the transversebolster-beams over the car-trucks, and beams or intermediate saidbolster-beams and stantially as set forth.

9. The car having the rolied beam upper and lower chords at its oppositesides, the rolled horizontal beams connecting said upper chords, andsaid lower chords at the ends of the car, and the vertical rolled beamsconnecting said upper and lower chords, combined with thedownwardly-converging floors supported between the sides of the car, thedischargedoors at the lower ends of said floors, and theoutwardly-extending beams E connecting the lower side chords with thelower end beams of the car; substantially as set forth.

10. The car, having the upper and lower beam-chords, the inclined floorsextending downward and inward below the lower chords, and thedischarge-doors at the lower ends of said fioors, combined with theparallel longitudinal beams intermediate said lower chords and extendingthrough said fioors, the central transverse bolster-beam below saidlower chords and said longitudinal beams, the truss 6 whose membersdiverge downward and outward and are secured between said longitudinalbeams, and the truss-rods extending laterally downward and outward andsecured at their lower ends to said transverse bolsterbeam;substantially as set forth.

11. The car, having the upper and lower beam-chords, the inclined floorsextending downward and inward below the lower chords, and thedischarge-doors at the lower ends of said floors, combined with thelongitudinal beam centrally intermediate said lower chords and extendingthrough said floors, the transverse bolster-beam below said lower chordsand said longitudinal intermediate beam, the plates F secured to saidlongitudinal intermediate beam and at their facing ends conformed tosaid bolster-beams, and a truss connected with said bolster-beams fordistributing the strain of the load from the central portions of thecar; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiixniy signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD A. TRAPP.

WVitnesses:

CHAS. C. GILL, E. J os. BELKNAP.

